These three key drivers can incentivize decarbonization in different ways. Regulations and policies will place direct requirements on ships and shipping companies. Expectations from cargo owners, and access to investors and capital, will benefit environmentally friendly shipping, for example, through higher chartering fees, or access to low-cost financing.
Behind all three drivers is the more climate-conscious behavior affecting the way people act as consumers, voters, and investors, caused by the increased public awareness of climate change.